Should the Alcoholic Drinking Age be Increased Essay

Why the Alcoholic Drinking Age Should Be Decreased? The general idea behind the raising of alcoholic drinking age is that it protects young people who are still incapable of accepting responsibilities, from the abuse of alcohol. It is, however, very doubtful whether it performs this function. The matter is, the more something is prohibited, the more appealing it looks for those who are prohibited to do it. A person who would have been drinking from time to time, if he were allowed to, will be drinking immoderately and in secret if he is forbidden to do it, for the simple reason of it being cool. Moreover, with the minimum alcohol drinking age being 21 years, the situation looks especially ridiculous. At 18 people are considered to be mature enough to take responsibilities, get married, vote, sign contracts and be persecuted by law if they break it; but officially they still are not allowed to drink until they turn 21. It would be naive to suppose that restriction laws like this can protect somebody from something. Young people may be prevented from drinking in bars, but who will stop them from drinking in all kinds of places and situations when drinks become available? If a person doesn’t treat alcohol as something overly exciting, mysterious and unattainable, he will most likely treat it as just yet another aspect of life, which is capable of being fun but nothing more. If he is prohibited from drinking it is more than probable that he will plunge into drinking once he is allowed to. And yes, doesn’t history teach us anything? The Prohibition in the early 20th century was supposed to eliminate alcohol abuse altogether; instead, government enforcement brought what it usually brings: great waste of money, emergence of great crime families without lowering the quantity of consumed alcohol at all.

Cute Cupcakes One Must See ! - 1016 Words

Cute cupcakes one must see! Cupcakes have become a household name and most of us love to have it, anybody who has got a sweet tooth can’t live without these cute little cupcakes. For someone like me I can’t imagine an evening without tea and my favourite cupcake. That’s how the bond is. Without a doubt, it’s a delicacy gifted to us by English, and like most of the English stuff we fell head over heels with these tiny little bundle of joy. These days they accompany us at every event, parties and even in our bad phase. Who does not want to have that little sugar rush after a bad day at work, or post break up ,or a birthday , weddings , get together etc. cupcakes have been there with us in all our thick and thin. Don’t you think these are the reasons enough to love them and indulge in them every once in a while. First of the cupcakes were made in as early as 1796. But they gained popularity in nineteenth century. Also known as fairy cakes or patty cakes, they can be baked in small and thin butter paper or aluminium foil. The major ingredients are butter, sugar, eggs and flour. Any recipe, which can be used to bake a layer cake, can be used to create the cupcakes. One can also use flavoured batter for baking the cupcakes, mixed with raisin, nuts, berries, chocolate chips etc. Because of their tiny size, they are really easy to bake. One can also top these with frosting and decorate them with fruits, dry fruits or cream. There are number of variety of cupcakes like cake in a mugShow MoreRelatedBaked by Melissa7985 Words   |  32 PagesVillacorta I. Executive Summary The Cupcake and cupcake bakery business is one of the fastest growing industries in America with New York as the â€Å"cupcake capital†. Cupcake bakeries are recession-proof, was fueled by the 1 recession and, according to the Wall Street Journal , they‟re contributing more jobs to the labor 2 market than the restaurant industry. Known as the â€Å"Magnolia Effect† , cupcakes have come a long way with the latest micro trend being mini-cupcakes – culminating with the coming togetherRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesstandardized. B) It can help create jobs in the economy by increasing demand for goods and services. C) It helps to build a loyal customer base but has no impact on a firms intangible assets. D) It is more important for bigger organizations than smaller ones. E) It is seldom used by nonprofit organizations. Answer: B Page Ref: 4 Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy 2) ________ is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering

Compare And Contrast Of The Me Essay Example For Students

Compare And Contrast Of The Me Essay Compare and Contrast of The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka and The Stranger by Albert CamusExistentialism is defined as a philosophical movement that human beings are completely free and responsible for their own actions. Existentialists will try not to cause waves and remain completely uninvolved with anyone because they do not want to hurt anybody. There is absolutely no such thing as an existentialist because he would have to be so uninvolved to the point where he would not be able to live at all. Although the two stories: The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka and The Stranger by Albert Camus are very different in approach, their endings are similar in that they both support the basics of existentialism. The biggest difference between the two characters: Gregor and Mersault is their physical form. One has changed physically into a giant insect while the other remains a normal human being. Another difference is the situation between the characters and their mothers. Gregor wants to have a relationship with his mother but cannot because of his physical form. Mersaults mother is alive and well for part of the novel, but he does not want to take care of her or have anything to do with her. The two characters are similar in the way that they do not believe in God and will both die lonely and abandoned. Kafka creates a very lonely and abandoned world for Gregor Samsa in his short novel Metamorphosis. Gregor is an existentialist character who mutates into a giant bug without reason and no longer has any control over his life. He becomes completely uninvolved in the way that he does not talk or have any interaction with anyone inside or outside of the family. He is dehumanized. Gregors mother is disgusted by the looks of him and refuses to see or talk to him. Gregor is now lonely and abandoned by his family, does not eat and eventually dies. In the short novel The Stranger, Mersault is also an existentialistic character. He does not wish to become involved with anyone, including God and his own mother and does not have any emotion what so-ever when she dies. Although Mersault does not want to become involved with anyone, he also does not want to create waves, thus he cannot help but to say yes to a friend when he asks him for help. He becomes susceptible to the physical. Mersault takes responsibility for his actions by being executed after he commits murder.Both the stories endings support the basics of existentialism by demonstrating the following rules: responsibilities, loneliness, abandonment, no control, do not cause waves and the act of being uninvolved. Gregor and Mersault demonstrate all of these characteristics; however they do cause waves. As a result of Gregors metamorphosis his entire family must change their lives and Mersault creates waves by committing murder. Unfortunately, whether it be because of their existentialistic characteristics or not, they die.

Is Lord of the Flies a Searching Examination of Human Nature Essay Example

Is Lord of the Flies a Searching Examination of Human Nature? Paper Is ‘Lord of the Flies’ a searching examination of human nature? â€Å"Weve got to have rules and obey them. After all, were not savages. Were English, and the English are best at everything. † These are lines taken from chapter 2 of the novel ‘Lord of the Flies’. To show the change in the character and the situation through the novel here is another quote from the last chapter of the novel, â€Å"I should have thought,† said the officer as he visualized the search before him, â€Å"I should have thought that a pack of British boys you’re all British aren’t you? would have been able to put up a better show than that I mean†. The novel shows itself to be a lot of things, a comment on war, an adventure novel or a statement of character. Through the book Golding attempts to not only warn us about the consequences of another war, but also enables us to view an array of different personalities and people profiles. Yes, ‘Lo rd of the Flies’ is a searching examination of human nature, where from the reader not only gets an authorial opinion on various types of people but also get to, for themselves, form an image of the individualities of each and every character. The arguable protagonist of the novel is Ralph, a rational and democratic leader who is somewhat obsessed with the fire. In the start of the novel he too is indifferent towards the easy target Piggy, but slowly learns to respect him. It is Ralph who initially keeps the boys focused on their goal of being rescued, but as his mind gets clouded so does his objective. Golding shows Ralph to be the civilised man, an evolved creature who conforms to society but still has his flaws. Ralph shows his flaws when he continues to disregard Piggy’s asthma by saying, â€Å"Sucks to your as-mar! whenever the topic is broached. He also shows poor judgement when he gives into his primitive instincts and participates in the killing of Simon. Ralph to the reader symbolises the leader who is civilised and dedicated but can often slip-up and make mistakes. His relatable reactions and simple solutions represent a man of will, who is defeated by circumstance. He wants to let the fire continue but h as too little manpower to do so, but still persists on finding a solution the next day. We also see him to be delusional at times, like when the curtain flickers in his brain and he is unable to think. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Lord of the Flies a Searching Examination of Human Nature? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Is Lord of the Flies a Searching Examination of Human Nature? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Is Lord of the Flies a Searching Examination of Human Nature? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer His biggest moment of what can be called stupidity is when he says, â€Å"Supposing we go, looking like we used to, washed and hair brushed after all we aren’t savages really and being rescued isn’t a game†. He believes that despite the savagery that has spread through Jack and this tribe they will listen to him if he takes a shower, it is possibly his biggest moment of failure. Through the same instance we see another trait of human nature in him which is desperation. Ralph is trying to cling on to any little form of order and hope that he can muster. He hopes to win the other boys over with his endeavour to appeal to the little remnants of civilisation. Another striking event that stands out with respect to Ralph is when he slaughters â€Å"the beast†, he is the one trying to establish decorum and it is he who destroys the reason for chaos. To contrasts Ralph as the civilised human being Golding creates Jack, the adversary. Ironically a choir boy, Jack slowly turns out to be tyrannical dictator and comes to represent the evil or the ruthless side of human nature. At first, Jack goes along with Ralph and allows himself to be appeased as the head of the hunters. He is content with his position and desperately tries to gather meat. His first attempt at killing the animal is disastrous not due to lack of skill, but because he still has some conscience left in him and is actually scared of committing the murder. He also says that while he hunts he feels like he is â€Å"being hunted†. This shows the last fragments of humanity left in him. He turns into an almost repulsive animal at the end of the novel. Golding shows man’s primitive instincts in Jack, his need for food, power and blood. We often wonder from where the deep seethed blackness appears in Jack. I can only speculate that the intensive education provided to him in the church results in a catastrophic rebellion where Jack loses all sense of sanity and conforms to the baser human. Towards the end of the novel Jack is adhered to as the chief and everyone on the island fears him. He hates Piggy from the very beginning and is fearful of his intelligence. He knows that Piggy’s rationality could be responsible for his downfall and could harm his dictatorship. He is envious of his superiority. â€Å"His tone conveyed a warning, given out of the pride of ownership, and the boys ate faster while there was still time. † Jack establishes his authority through brutality and force. He symbolises the savage and primitive part of human nature. His interactions with others more or less result in a display of rage and anger and he pitilessly forces the others to adhere to him. He orders the murder of Simon, the theft of Piggy’s glasses and even asks for Ralph’s life. Golding, through him examines, in depth the evil within man and the ugly part of the human mind. Another character that Golding uses to further examine the human race is that of Piggy. Through this â€Å"fat boy† the author shows rationality, reason, science and intelligence. Piggy along with his specs is the symbol of wisdom and provides an outlook into scientific man. Despite his intelligence, Piggy has his short comings; he has asthma and is a social outcast due to his superior intellect. He is fear full of Jack and even says, â€Å"We should fear each other†. His character gives the reader yet another example of a different type of human being, one who is above the rest intellectually but suffers from isolation and anxiety. Through him, Golding dives deeper into the psyche of a visionary. While Piggy, as a character does lend himself to the examination of human nature, his death too is a fine example of Golding’s thesis. When Piggy is killed by the stone which is rolled down we see no humanity left within these boys. We see only Ralph grieving the loss of a great friend, but everybody else especially Jack is oblivious. This shows us the common feeling of envy within man. All the boys were jealous of Piggy, his glasses and his intelligence. The Conch too shatters with Piggy which further accentuates the dilapidation of civilisation on the island, it also highlights man’s complete disregard for rules and his natural instinct to rebel. If Jack is part of darkest hues in the character palate, and Ralph can be painted in shades of grey, Simon resembles the purity of white. In Simon Golding explores the spiritual and innately good part of the human heart. Simon thinks only for the good of all, he practices meditation and sacrifices himself in an endeavour to save everybody. He is close to nature and is the only one who has a conversation with the sow. It is Simon, who understands the universal truth that it is not each other that we should fear nor I it some third person, but it is the evil within us that will eventually kill us all. It is rather unfortunate that this extraordinary, Christ-like figure is continually marginalised and is at the end murdered unfeelingly. In him Golding pictures the saint, the pure visionary who knows the truth. His character highlights the differently abled or the higher human nature, one which connects with God and Nature. With respect to Simon it is not only he who is a specimen to investigate human nature for Golding, but his interactions with the sow’s head and his death too focus on some other human traits. For example when he talks to the sow he displays a curtain of bravery which could be taken as the bravery of a martyr or the facade of a coward. His death however, according to me displays the most range of human emotions. The act itself shows primitive violence and carnal needs at its very roots. The reaction of the boys to the death is indifferent and they go on like nothing has happened, it shows that the different and often better people are always thrown away. It also shows the human habit of denial, where all the boys including Ralph completely deny any part in the killing. In the book, Simon is shown to be a true unsung martyr. The littluns in the book resemble the common man in society and his reflex reaction to conform, whereas the other bigguns resemble the followers and tails of the leaders. A biggun who distinctly stands out is Roger, he acts as second in command to Jack and it is he who is responsible for Piggy’s death. All the boys fight for power, they all want to control something. The sow shows the need for security, the Conch the superficial need for rules and the glasses the human need for technology. Through the novel, ‘Lord of the Flies’ Golding not only dives into the human mind, heart and soul by means of implication, but provides the reader with concrete examples and instances where the various facets of human nature are displayed. It is ironic that when â€Å"the beast† is killed by Jack the fire begins to destroy, and it is the fire, not one of hope but one of destruction that leads to the rescue of the boys. Through all these examples from the text I can without a doubt say that the novel is truly a fine example of an in-depth analysis of human nature. It makes a powerful impact on the reader and gives them food for thought. It makes us think of not only the various possibilities but also the extent to which the human mind and its essential evil nature can raise a storm and leave a pile of destruction behind.

Fuel Consumption Problems and Solutions free essay sample

Tischenko Professor Ball Solutions to the Oil Consumption Problem 8 March, 2012 Section 5 A couple weeks ago, I stopped at a gas station to fill up my tank. As a pizza delivery driver I spend a decent amount of money on gas every week. While I was getting gas, I wandered, are we ever going to run out of it and will we survive without it? In this essay I will attempt to solve one of the biggest problems in modern world – dependence and very large consumption of gasoline. According to the Seattle Times, Americans use over 880 million gallons of gasoline per day. With an average of 755 cars for every 1000 people, the United States of America consumes more gasoline than South America, Europe, Africa, and Asia combined (Source: Energy Information Agency) ! Modern world get well more than 80% of its energy from fossil fuels, major part of it is oil. We use oil everywhere, from lipstick and painkillers to gasoline and tires. We will write a custom essay sample on Fuel Consumption Problems and Solutions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Almost everything that we use on daily basis is made out of oil. According to the EIA, over 60% of world transportation is ran on oil based fuels. How much longer can we consume the resource until we run out of it? If someday we run out of oil, I think that the world should be prepared! Gasoline is a petroleum-delivered liquid that is used in internal combustion engines which are used in almost every type of transportation. Over the years, the consumption of gasoline is increasing, while the sources are exhausting. Many geologists propose that most of the sources of oil on Earth have reached so-called â€Å"peak oil† which is the point where the amounts of oil produced start to decline. American Association of Petroleum Geologists provides a good example of the peak. In 1861, oil derrick called McClintock #1 produced 50 barrels of oil daily. In 2006, 145 years later, it produced 1 barrel a day. This example shows that everything has a limit. â€Å"Peak oil† is also what causes dramatic price changes on gasoline around the world. In 2000, one gallon of gasoline cost $1. 95 (EIA), right now its $3. 79 and it keeps on going up. â€Å"Peak oil† in the United States also caused the increase of import of the oil from foreign countries. I believe that instead of consuming more and more every year, and increasing the import of gasoline, not only the U. S. , but the whole planet should limit themselves in consumption and find new ways to power their vehicles. The first solution that I’d like to propose is stimulating people to purchase vehicles with hybrid engines. In past two years, the automobile companies have been working very hard to create hybrid powered vehicles that will save as much gasoline as possible. The concept of hybrid engines is simple and effective. The hybrid engine consists of two parts: small gasoline powered engine and electric battery that is charged by the wheel rotation. In 2011, the average miles per gallon ratio was about forty five which is almost twice less than non-hybrid cars consume (http://www. greenhybrid. om). But only 2. 6% of Americans own at least one hybrid vehicle which does not do enough impact on the consumption problem. In my opinion, this is where the government needs to step in. We need radical changes in vehicle production. First thing that the government needs to do is start stimulating people to buy electric powered vehicles by giving out loans, grants, or any extra money towards the purchase of the vehicles. Another thing that would help the problem is allowing people to trade in their old, gasoline powered vehicles for hybrid vehicles at little, or no cost. The cars that are traded in can be recycled and the material can be used in the production of hybrid cars. Another great source of energy is the sun light. For many years, people used solar energy to power different electric devices or even entire houses. Some automobile companies attempted to produce a vehicle that would run entirely on solar energy. It worked perfectly fine during summer due to the sun activity, but when it came to storing the energy, they faced problems. Solar energy takes a lot of space to store. Solar batteries are also very expensive. To find the solution to this issue, I have talked to one of the students at Thiel College. His name is Benjamin Hellner-Burris. Ben was a part of a research group called Solar Hydrogen Activity Research Kit (ShARK). The main goal of the ShARK is to find an inexpensive way to store the solar energy. Ben believes that if the program is well funded, the solution might be found. The last solution that I’d like to propose is promoting alternative fuels. There are many substances on our planet that, potentially, could substitute gasoline as the main type of fuel in the world. The US News article called â€Å"The Pros and Cons of 8 Green Fuels†, Rick Newman describes different types of alternative fuels. According to him, top three â€Å"green fuels† are biodiesel, hydrogen, and corn ethanol. Biodiesel is derived from vegetable oil, animal fat, and even used cooking oil! Unlike most other alternative fuels, biodiesel does not require major changes in the vehicle, as long as its powered with a diesel engine. It is fully renewable and relatively clean burning product. Comparing to any other alternative fuel, biodiesel is used by many people around the world. There are many gas stations that have a biodiesel pumps such as Exon and Mobile Fuels. But the only way for biodiesel to work without any issues is if it’s pure, which is not how it’s sold at gas stations. Because of the high cost, it’s usually mixed with regular diesel. Such mix tends to damage engines and fuel pumps of the vehicles. (U. S. News) Hydrogen can be extracted from water or natural gas. During the process of the extraction, hydrogen and oxygen convert into electricity. Unlike biodiesel, hydrogen is not used widely due to the problem of storage. In order to use it as fuel, hydrogen needs to be kept under high pressure at all times. (U. S. News) Corn ethanol is a pretty common fuel as its mixed with most types of gasoline at any gas station. The concentration of ethanol can reach up to 85%, but it still needs gasoline on order to combust. Ethanol is extracted from corn which grows widely in the United States. Just like the biodiesel it is fully renewable. The only problem with corn ethanol is that it doesn’t provide as much energy as gasoline does, therefore its 30%-40% less efficient. (U. S. News) All these solutions have been discussed by many research groups and politicians. But I’d like propose something they do not talk about. Henry Ford and Rudolf Diesel designed their first engines to run on the most organic and efficient fuel on the planet – hemp. Up until 1937, citizens of the United States were allowed to grow hemp and take advantage of this great material. For hundreds of years, hemp was used in almost everything. Food, clothing, medicine, fiber, fuel, and many more things were made out of hemp. It is fully renewable and recyclable. It grows at a very fast rate producing p to 25 tons per hectare per year! In my opinion, hemp is the solution to the problem of dependence on fossil fuels. If we grow hemp on as little as six percent of the U. S. territory, we can stop using fossil fuels once and for all. The only issue with hemp is that growing it is illegal! The best material on the planet is the illegal one. It’s a complete nonsense! The advocates against hemp argue that it can be used as a drug, but this information is not proven. Hemp contains almost no THC, which is the chemical that gets, people who smoke it, â€Å"high†. Therefore, hemp is worthless as a drug.

Is Neglecting Your Physical Well-Being Affecting Your Work Productivity

Is Neglecting Your Physical Well-Being Affecting Your Work Productivity This week I learned the importance of exercise in my work productivity. A top business strategist, Tony Jeary, was asked in the August 2017 edition of Success Magazine for some quick leadership tips. The person asking owned a company that had just expanded from a two-person startup to a ten-person operation. He claimed to have â€Å"no management experience.† I expected answers like learn everything you can about management, listen to your employees, create a clear mission and vision, and commit to your personal growth. I expected him to warn against errors like the ones I wrote about last week in The 9 Biggest Mistakes a Leader Can Make. Jeary gave four pieces of advice. And while three of his answers were along the lines I had anticipated, I was surprised that this one made the top four: â€Å"Take care of yourself. Eat well, sleep enough and exercise regularly.† The â€Å"exercise regularly† part stood out for me in particular. This is great advice for everyone, whether you’re expanding a company from two to ten, or you’re an entry-level employee, a CEO, the owner of a start-up, or somewhere in between. A Harvard Business Review article went so far as to claim that Regular Exercise is Part of Your Job because of its mental benefits (improved concentration, sharper memory, faster learning, prolonged mental stamina, enhanced creativity, and lower stress). And exercise is especially important as a job seeker. It will bring structure and energy to your day, which is key to a successful, productive job search. All it takes is a quick Google search to see at least one recruiter’s assertion that exercise is one of the most important parts of the job search. Excusing vs. Exercising Most of us know the advantages of regular exercise: It eases stress, increases work productivity, reduces sick days, boosts confidence, improves sleep, gives you energy, and releases positive, mood-enhancing chemicals into your brain that ward off anxiety and depression. Some of these benefits are outlined in an article from Livestrong.com, How Does Exercise Improve Work Productivity? Who wouldn’t want all those benefits? Yes, we know we could have them, and we want them! But knowing is not doing, and many of us regularly make up excuses rather than take care of our bodies. â€Å"I need to sleep!† â€Å"I have to work.† â€Å"I have to make lunch for the kids.† â€Å"I have a cold.† â€Å"My back hurts.† Or simply, â€Å"I don’t feel like it.† I grew up with a condition that makes me prone to breaking bones, and I was taught that daily exercise was essential to minimizing fractures. Believe it or not, I internalized that advice, and have exercised daily for as long as I can remember. For the past 20 years or so I have done yoga or gone swimming almost every day, with a few phases of walking or working out when injuries prevented me from my go-to activities. But here’s the catch: I wasn’t lifting weights almost ever, or doing much walking or jumping – the impact activities that truly increase bone density. My excuse? â€Å"I’m in shape.† â€Å"I already spend an hour exercising every day.† â€Å"I don’t have time to do everything!† Then, three weeks ago, on an impulse, I started an intensive fitness program that entails weight lifting, ball throwing, tire flipping, jumping in various ways, and other muscle-building, bone-building activities. I have managed to fit in these workouts five days/week, and somehow still to get everything done that I have needed to for my business. I’ve built muscle and lost some extra pounds without changing what I eat. Plus, I have been in a better mood and made more sales than I did in the weeks before I started this program. Coincidence? Probably not. What would inspire you to prioritize exercise, if you’re not doing so already? What motivated me to make this change was that I got a substantial gift certificate for a well-reputed program, and I love a good deal. I was also curious to find out more about my body composition and to see if I could bring it to a more ideal balance. I started the program and liked how I felt in my body so much that I kept going, way more often than I expected. I like the attention and encouragement I get from the trainers, and I look forward to seeing them each day. And my numbers have been going in the right direction, which for me is very motivating. What is it for you? Is there a type of movement you enjoy? Is it walking, running, biking, dancing, swimming, lifting weights? If you’re a social person, would having a workout buddy help? Maybe even a different buddy each day? What about working out as a family activity? Would you show up to a group exercise class (Zumba or Water Zumba anyone?) if you put it on your schedule? If not, what if you paid in advance and would lose your fee if you ditched the class? Maybe the option of multitasking would make the difference for you. If you have work calls to make, can you make them from the treadmill? Maybe you could answer emails while on a stationary bike or elliptical machine. If you love listening to music, exercise time could be your opportunity to get lost in your favorite tunes. Or if there are shows you like to watch, perhaps you could watch them from a home exercise room. Exercising can also be a form of meditation – swimming plays that role for me, and I know others who walk to clear their minds. So if you’re not making time to meditate, at least make time to exercise! Some people will get into gear for a competition. There are lots of opportunities for that, whether it’s a marathon, a charity walk, run or ride, or a friendly competition between friends (in person or using a fitness app). For more ideas, see 29 Ways to Get Motivated to Work Out. I like some of these! Or check out the 25 Best Fitness Apps of 2017 for some technological support on your fitness goals. And please share your experience†¦ Do you notice a difference in your work productivity when you exercise regularly? What’s working for you?

Theatres in New York City - Public Theater and the Cherry Lane Theatre Research Paper

Theatres in New York City - Public Theater and the Cherry Lane Theatre - Research Paper Example The paper tells that among a variety of theaters in the New York City the Public Theater and the Cherry Lane Theatre of the New York City are very popular. The Public Theater was founded by Joseph Papp. He founded the theater as a Shakespeare Workshop. It is currently described as one of the most excellent cultural institutions of America. This has been the most important theater in New York City and also in the entire nation where all the voices, rhythms, societies, and cultures converged. The theater has been founded for the purpose of providing public platforms to the up-and-coming performers and dramatists. The theater has been opened at 425, Lafayette Street, East Village, Lower Manhattan (this place was formally known as the Astor library) with the world-premiere production and live performance of the famous American rock musical HAIR. This was the first show of this rock musical. Throughout the history the theater has been famous for producing several plays, musicals, and prod uctions based on William Shakespeare, and various other classics in its Lafayette Street headquarter. The theater has been nurtured under the leadership of Oskar Eustis, the famous Artistic Director, and Patrick Willingham, the famous Executive Director of the theater. During their leadership the theater has been emerged as the most crucial nurturing place for artists and audiences in relation to embrace the complexities of contemporary culture and society of the country. Under the leadership and guidance of Joseph Papp the theater has evolved as the most important place of enclosure and a forum of new ideas and views (History of Public Theater, 2012, p. 1). On the contrary, The Cherry Lane Theater opened in 1924 at 38, Commerce Street, Manhattan, New York City. The theater was founded by a group of theater artists in a factory of tobacco warehouse and box. But in the 1924, designer Cleon Throckmorton designed the structure of the theater and converted the tobacco factory into a the ater. This very structure of the theater is present till date. In 1998, the studio has been opened for new American work. Angelina Fiordellisi was the owner and the founder of the theater and helped a lot in the evolution process of the theater. Among these changes the most important one has been creation of the 60-seat black-box theater by Fiordellisi. This theater is the oldest and continuously-running theater in the New York City. This theater is an off-Broadway theater whereas the Public Theater is a Broadway theater (History of the Cherry Lane Theater, 2012, p. 1). Organizational structures and managerial positions: Both the theaters, the Public Theater and the Cherry Lane Theater are organized and managed by artists and dramatists. The Public Theater is organized by Joseph Papp, who was one of the most recognized theatrical producer as well as director of the country, till his death. During his time the theater achieved several successes and won various awards and prizes. He w as like the father figure of the theater and under his management the theater had been a significant place for both music and plays and this system of management is present in modern days also. The management type of the Public Theater is highly passionate about the development of the theatrical productions of the country

INTRODUCTION TO STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

INTRODUCTION TO STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT - Essay Example It also controls two other smaller regional airlines Cambrian Airways based in Cardiff and Northeast Airlines operating from Newcastle (Hatch 2003). The four airlines merged to form one British Airways, it started as a state own corporation until 1987 where it was sold as part of the government privatization plan. Since its privatization the company has expanded its operations acquiring British Caledonian, Gatwick airline carrier and Dan-Air. The company has the latest airbuses, airlines and Dream liner’s after making a major long-haul fleet replacement of its fleet (Evans2012). The bottom-line of its long-haul fleet is its purchases from its long-time customer Boeing with 52 examples in service. It is notable that it is only British Airways and operator which have this kind of flight and service worldwide. The company is also attributed to the founding of Oneworld airline alliance, Cathay Pacific, American airlines and Qantas. The parent company of British Airways Company, In ternational Airlines Group is also listed on the London stock exchange and also in the FTSE 100 Index. In 2009 British airways merged with Iberia and in 2010 it was approved by the European Commission under competition law. This allowed American Airlines cooperate with British Airways under International Airlines group on trans-Atlantic routes to various American destinations. With this merger International Airlines Group became the world third largest Airline and second largest in Europe in terms of annual revenue. In 2012 the company purchased British Midland International and it considers opening a new subsidiary to be based in London city airport operation Airbuses. British Airways being among the largest airlines holds United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority license which allows the airline to carry passengers, cargo and mail with 20 or more seats. It is notable that its key major rival is easyJet airlines because it is a low cost carrier (Evans2012). The company has various su bsidiaries and shareholdings where it has put much focus on the financial markets and leisure industry. In addition British Airways has a cargo branch which has worldwide global freight opportunities operating along its routes. British Airways is considered the largest shareholder in the airline transport industry in the world. The world carrier serves over 100 destinations globally as well as domestic flights (Hatch 2003). The carrier has also joined the few carriers that have its operations in all the continents. Strategic management process is the process which guides members and stakeholders of an organization to envision its future. This process is also essential for developing the necessary operations and procedures to achieve sustainable future for the achievement of both long-term and short-term goals and objectives. According to David Williamson (2012) the strategic management process can be viewed as a circular flow of action steps whereby the results from one step are use d to initiate an action in the next step (Williamson 2012). Therefore it can be argued that issues arising in an organization in a particular step help the strategic management teams to plan for the future of the organization making adjustments or additional work adopting the required strategies. To achieve the desired results the underlying stages can alter the flow of the stages to suit the particular needs of the

BUDGET ISSUES IN NEW YORK STATE Speech or Presentation

BUDGET ISSUES IN NEW YORK STATE - Speech or Presentation Example One of the major issues that had an impact on the New York Budget was the reforms done on the sales tax in 2010. According to the New York State Senate Committee on Budget and Tax Reforms, the sales tax was not effective in keeping pace with the technological changes as well as economic development. One of the notable aspects of the sales tax was that there was large amount of uncollected revenue thus affecting the state budget in terms of increased deficit. For example, according to Scott Peterson a member of the streamlined sales tax governing board, in 2011 New York budget experienced a deficit of $1,518 million based on the uncollected sales tax amounting to $1,415.3million. This resulted to the establishment of public roundtable that was aimed at discussing the sales tax. Thus the sales budget collection process was streamlined leading to reduction in the budget deficit. According to the Senate Select Committee that was formed by the Senate, the sales tax legislation that was pa ssed in 1965, was being affected by the technological, political and economical trends. For example, the committee indicated that the economy was changing to service from industrial based economy. Additionally, there has been an increase in the tax credits as well as sales tax exemption over the years. Thus, there has been no significant growth on the revenue thus affecting the government expenditure. Another notable issue on the sales tax bill that was passed by then governor Nelson Rockefeller was that internet services as well as mail order were major areas where sales tax remained uncollected. This had a negative impact on the state budget in the sense that despite the increased government expenditure, there were no effective mechanisms of tax collection. Based on the impact of the trends in the technology, economy and politics in the form of undermining the fiscal position of the state of New York, Krueger, the leader of the Select Committee, arranged for a meeting with other s takeholders to discuss on how the fiscal stability of the state would be enhanced by establishing a proper sales tax policy which was more rational and economical. This included modernizing the sales tax system. After the meeting to improve the collection and use of the sales tax for improvement of public activities, the committee recommended the use of Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement (SSUTA). This entailed rules that the government authorities would adopt during the collection of sales tax from the urban and local sellers. One of the key aspects that led to the success of the roundtable meeting to solve the sales tax crises that was held in Albany, was the involvement of various stakeholders. For example, the committee took into consideration the ideas from eleven tax experts from various industries. Thus, the experts provided resourceful technical contributions to the select committee thus making the whole process a success. Fixation of New York broken budget process The s econd issues that affected the budgeting process were the reforms that were initiated by Senator Krueger to fix the New York broken budget process in 2010. Krueger aim was to make comprehensive reforms

Effectiveness of Different Leadership Styles

Effectiveness of Different Leadership Styles Table of Contents Executive report Introduction Rationale and objectives Background Methodology Analysis of the findings Conclusion Reference Works Cited Appendix Executive report This report is done to compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organizations, explain how organizational theory underpins the practice of management, and evaluate the different approaches to management used by different organizations. The purpose, problems and objectives of the research are outlined in the introduction as well as background information on both businesses. A methodology that explicitly tells how the researcher will go about conducting the research- methods and so on is also included. The research begins here in section two; the findings are analyzed and discussed. The objectives are restated then they are discussed, analyzed and evaluated respectively. A conclusion is also drawn from the whole report mainly giving a reminder of the issues that exist. Harvard style referencing is used to cite where some of the information and knowledge are obtain. Finally, there is an appendix which consists of an organizational chart for CDR. Introduction Rationale and objectives The importance of this research includes: Firstly, to afford the researcher the opportunity to assume major roles in leading a project. Secondly, allowing the researcher to assume management and administrative roles in order to attain knowledge, understanding and the skills of these areas. Third, to prepare and coordinate operational plans, display effective self-development and time management skills to satisfy an organization’s needs The objectives of the research are to: 2.1 Compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organizations 2.2 Explain how organizational theory underpins the practice of management 2.3 Evaluate the different approaches to management used by different organizations Leadership Background Casa de Regalo is a nationwide partnership gift boutique established in 2009. It is located at Barbican Centre. They have ten dedicated and enthusiastic employees. Due to their unique tailor made products and services C.D.R is considered as the organization that satisfies seasonal giving needs. They specialize in a variety of unique merchandise ranging from specialty cards, flowers, toys and personalized printing services to specialty handcrafted gifts, jewelry, body essentials and customized apparel which are imported from your favorite places over the world. They also offer surprise delivery services. Providing exceptional customer service and customized products that are tailor-made to each customers personal style and also giving them the highest quality merchandises at an affordable price is our mission. We are aimed at making profit. KD consulting is a limited liability company established in 2008. It has twelve dedicated experts. We are a mobile company but our main office is located in Montego Bay. Our company provides a variety of services ranging from identify highest-value opportunities to addressing the most critical challenges and transforming enterprises. The trust and confidence in our capabilities that our clients are exposed to, is what differentiates us from other firms as well as our ability to enhance business performance, positively marketing them and ensuring their likelihood of making profit or achieving their goals. CDR is an international organization with the mission of providing expert advice and solutions for clients, therefore assisting small businesses to develop efficient plans for meeting their goals. Our aspiration strives through becoming the best consulting firm there is; providing quality service to all existing and start-up small businesses that seek our guidance. We also aim to be recognized as partner of choice by our clients and being technologically advanced in our fields of expertise while remaining practical and business oriented. Methodology The research is to design a management firm which is hired to assess a small business on behalf of an investor to help the company to explore the links between the organisation structure and culture and how these interact and influence the behaviour of the workforce. In order to assist the company secondary research will be conducted. Secondary data collection is published information that is already available from other sources. The internet will be my main source with its online dictionaries, articles, websites and books. This information collected from the secondary sources is pertinent to the objectives of the research. The researcher also used this type due to the fact that it is Inexpensive, information is easily accessible and immediately available and it will provide essential background to help to clarify or refine the research problem. The information accumulated is credible and is derived from the written work of authoritative individuals such as Jatin Vaid. The research began on February 9th and proceeded to February 26th. Data was collected from several sources from the online sources in order to obtain information related to the United Kingdom (UK) and local business organizations. . Analysis of the findings Compare and contrast different organizational structures and culture The structures There are three main types of structure. Product, matrix and functional Product Division Structure -These are popular among international companies with many products. Products that are similar are grouped under one product heading e.g. Perfumes and Cosmetics, each CEO focusing on a single product segment for its global market. Matrix Division Structure This tries simultaneously to deal with competing pressures for global integration and local responsiveness. Institutes overlaps among functional and divisional forms. It allows individual groups to share responsibility for new operations and enables them to exchange resources and information more Group willingly. Disadvantages includes: not championing their groups’ unique needs, therfore eliminate the multiple knowledge (Vaid, 2012). Functional Structure Specialized jobs are grouped according to traditional business functions. It is suitable for Company with a narrow product line, sharing similar technology. Highly efficient and assist in maximizing economies of scale The cultures Role Culture – focusses on rules, tasks, procedures and job descriptions Power Culture – power exercised by a one person with not much formal rules; Person Culture – the organisation is present for its members to benefit of; Task/Mission Culture – goal based with rewards for achieving mission and goals; 1.2 Explain how the relationship between an organization’s structure and culture can impact on the performance of the business Organizations are set up in specific ways to accomplish different goals, and the structure of an organization can help or hinder its progress toward accomplishing these goals. There are three main types of organizational structure: functional, divisional and matrix structure Culture consists of the shared values of an organization -the beliefs and norms that affect every aspect of work life, from how people greet each other to how major policy decisions are made Types of culture include: power culture, role culture, person culture and task culture. 1.3 Discuss the factors which influence individual behaviour at work The major factors that influence individual behavioral patterns, according to John Ivancevich and Michael Mattson are: demographic factors, ability and skills, perception, attitudes and personality. Demographic factors includes: race, age, sex, socio economic background, education and so on. The importance of studying demographic factors is to assist managers to choose the most fitting candidate for the specific job. Organizations rather persons belonging to a particular socio-economic background- well educated and young. They are believed to perform better than others. Skills and ability: skill according to Cambridge dictionaries is an ability to do an activity or job well especially because you have practiced it. Ability is the mental or physical power or skills needed to do something. Ability and skills highly influence individual behavior and performance. Persons tend to perform better in an organization if his skills and abilities are matched with the job. It is the manager’s job to match these skills and abilities off the employee to the job. Perception: a thought, belief, or opinion, often held by many people and based on appearances is referred to as perception (cambridge-dictionaries, n.d.). The study of perception is integral for managers as they need to provide a work environment that is favorable, so that the employees perceive them in most favorable way. If employees perceive it in a positive way they are more likely to perform better. Attitude: â€Å"An attitude is ‘a relatively enduring organization of beliefs, feelings, and behavioral tendencies towards socially significant objects, groups, events or symbols’ (Hogg, Vaughan 2005, p. 150).† (McLeod, 2009). Attitude is influenced by family, society, culture, organizational factors and peers. Managers in an organization need to create suitable work environments therefore tempting employees to have positive attitudes towards their respective jobs. If employees have positive attitude toward the job they perform better. Personality: the study of individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving (American Psycological Association, n.d.). Factors that influence personality includes: heredity, family, society, culture and situation. Individuals tend to differ in manner while responding to the organizational environment. The most complex aspect of human beings can be regarded as personality. Conclusion Cultural influences and organisational structures can both inform and constrain the strategic development and ultimately the competitiveness of a business in order to maintain competitive advantage and avoid any strategic drift (where organisational factors and culture drive the business rather than the needs of customers and key stakeholders). Their impact should be considered regularly by leaders and senior managers and they should both be critically reviewed. Reference Works Cited cambridge-dictionaries, n.d. Ability. [Online] [Accessed February 2015]. McLeod, S., 2009. Home †º Social Psychology †º Attitudes. [Online] Available at: http://www.simplypsychology.org/attitudes.html [Accessed February 2015]. Vaid, J., 2012. Organization structure in international business. [Online] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/jatinmaims/organization-structure-in-international-business [Accessed February 2015]. Appendix Chart showing organizational structure of Casa de Regalo .

START Programs Defined :: essays research papers

The Impact That the START Treaties Have On Public Safety Have you ever thought about a nuclear bomb hitting Wichita? What could we do to prevent this from happening? There have been several attempts to rid the world of nuclear threat. None of these attempts has actually prevailed to the lofty goal of unilaterally removing the threat of nuclear war. Seemingly, the unilateral limitation of nuclear arsenals would be a good idea. To begin, I need to define terms in layman’s to reveal the total meaning of this topic. Each delivery system has a different range. Inter-continental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) have the farthest range of 13,000 kilometers, whereas, submarine launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) can only reach as far as 12,000 kilometers (Friedman). Unilateral action means that each separate side will act identically. If Russia disassembles 100 ICBMs then the United States has to disassemble 100 ICBMs to create equality. The bloc of treaties designed to assure the unilateral reduction of nuclear arms is the strategic arms reduction treaty (START). The START treaties have three sections; each designed to reduce the number of specific nuclear weapons. I will discuss each version of START in order to show what influence it will have on global safety. START I set the groundwork to begin the gradual decline of nuclear weapons for the United States and the Soviet Union. Each party had approximately 10,000 nuclear weapons of various ranges (Friedman). Under START I the number of total nuclear weapons deployed will unilaterally be reduced to a total not to exceed 6,000 warheads (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace). Which is a step in the right direction.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both the United States and Russia signed the START I treaty on July 31, 1991 (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace). Although the Soviet Union dissolved around this time, the four countries that remained ratified the treaty. START I entered into force on December 5, 1994, when the five treaty parties exchanged instruments of ratification in Budapest (Kimball). START II continued to reduce the number of deployed nuclear warheads to a total to 4,250 per party (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace). This second treaty further limited the number of ICBMs and SLBMs that can be deployed with nuclear warheads. START II was signed on January 3, 1993 in Moscow (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace).

Change in Business plan

Report on the impact of proposed changes and its personnel There can be some addition and changes incorporated as per requisition in a pre-existent business plan, model and strategies. These changes are introduced and induced over a flexible period of time with smart (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, time-bounded) objectives. That is, additional goals or projects are specified and based on the same changes are materialized in the business.These changes bring about a set of influences on the business and its personnel and they are as followed: Proposed hanged are changes those were not originally referred in the business plan and thus it may call for additional expertise and time module. It might take a while for the employees to adjust to the changes and start working as the trainings they previously received excluded these changes. The business and its personnel may take a slow start in terms of learning the mechanisms of these changes and how they function.The business a nd its personnel must have a mental preparation to embrace temporary or primary failure and a chaotic working situation. This preparation can be reasoned as such that a new change that was not in action previously may behave differently than anticipated and changes proposed and forwarded with such conjectures help getting rid of the frustration In the employees regarding the result. 4. : The changes managed in the business There is a number of ways through which these changes may be managed and they are as followed: Most Important changes are proposed and forwarded by the upper level management and In such cases the change management process takes place ender the senior management's supervision. For proposing and Implementing bigger changes, it Is essential to Induce these changes with calculated risk where the risks undertaken are dominated by strong measures of calculation by the authority.These changes have to follow timeliness In terms of Implementation because as long as a part icular change In the business plan Is not adjusted and sustained, another cannot be channeled. Change management may be aligned with the strategic human resource management of the business where different managerial declensions are ken using strategies those support the HARM practices. Likewise, changes can be administered using strategies to support the changes. 4. : Monitoring Improvements In the performance of a business over a given time scale The concluding measures about proposing changes and channeling the changes In a business plan or model or strategy Is to supervise the performance of the business In the post change Implementation period for a given time scale. Business performance Is monitored following many time-scales and the monitoring becomes critically essential when a hanged Is to be Induced because It Is a notion that did not exist In the Orlando business plan and hence was not In action previously.To confirm the proper centralization of changes proposed and smooth functioning of the business with these changes Incorporated, a monitoring Is Imperative for a given time scale. Conjectures help getting rid of the frustration in the employees regarding the result. Are as followed: Most important changes are proposed and forwarded by the upper level management and in such cases the change management process takes place ender the senior management's supervision.For proposing and implementing bigger changes, it is essential to induce these changes with calculated risk where the risks changes have to follow timeliness in terms of implementation because as long as a particular change in the business plan is not adjusted and sustained, another cannot resource management of the business where different managerial decisions are administered using strategies to support the changes. . 3: Monitoring improvements in the performance of a business over a given time scale The concluding measures bout proposing changes and channeling the changes in a business pl an or model or strategy is to supervise the performance of the business in the post change implementation period for a given time scale.Business performance is monitored change is to be induced because it is a notion that did not exist in the original business plan and hence was not in action previously. To confirm the proper centralization of changes proposed and smooth functioning of the business with these changes incorporated, a monitoring is imperative for a given time scale.

My values Essays - American Women In Business, Jordin Sparks

My values Essays - American Women In Business, Jordin Sparks 1247555 The Poetics of Popular Music November 7, 2014 My values Your values are the things that you truly believe in and that are very important to your eyes. They are supposed to affect the way you live and work by positively. They also determine your priorities, and deep down, theyre probably a type of measure you use to tell if youre living the kind of life you desire. If there was a song that would define my values, it would be the song Battlefield by Jordin Sparks. In my case, love is the value that defines me the most; it is portrayed by the way I demonstrate it towards my family, friends and my partner. Im surrounded by people who care and are very loving, but there comes times when we get into big fights. The speaker tell us that One minute it's love /and suddenly, It's like a battle-field (3-4). These lyrics are an example of when your loved ones show loving emotions towards you, but then all of sudden, it can blow up into a huge fight and you can be left feeling like youre fighting on a battlefield of love. I show love towards my belove d by being protective about certain thing like when someone is giving them hard time or when there are in need of help. Another lyric that illustrates well this situation is: I guess you better go and get your armor (36) because I hate seeing when people are miss treated by other people. It really affects me and gets on my nerves. It makes me want to help them, be there for them, in other words, to do something about it. That is why I am close bonded with the people that surround me. They know Ive got their back, and will defend them to the end. I realize that the writer used a technique in the song and it is the repetition of the word battlefield. In the song, the speaker is telling us that love is always a battlefield, because when something happens it gets your heart intertwined. Word count: 338 words Lyrics Don't try to explain your mind I know what's happening here One minute it's love and suddenly It's like a battle-field One word turns into a Why is it the smallest things that tear us down My world's nothing when you're gone I'm out here without a shield Can't go back now Both hands tied behind my back for nothing Oh no These times when we climb so fast to fall again Why we gotta fall for it now I never meant to start a war You know I never wanna hurt you Don't even know what we're fighting for Why does love always feel like ... a battlefield (battlefield) a battlefield (battlefield) a battlefield (battlefield) [repeat] Why does love always feel like Can't swallow our pride, Neither of us wanna raise that flag If we can't surrender then we both gonna lose what we had, oh no Both hands tied behind my back with nothing (nothing) Oh no, these times when we climb so fast to fall again I don't wanna fall for it now I never meant to start a war You know I never wanna hurt you Don't even know what we're fighting for Why does love always feel like ... a battlefield (battlefield) a battlefield (battlefield) a battlefield (battlefield) [repeat] I guess you better go and get your armor (get your armor) Get your armor (get your armor) I guess you better go and get your armor (get your armor) Get your armor (get your armor) I guess you better go and get your We could pretend that we are friends tonight And in the morning we'll wake up and we'll be alright Cause baby we don't have to fight And I don't want this love to feel like A battlefield (oh), a battlefield (oh), a battlefield, Why does love always feel like a battlefield (oh), A battlefield (oh), a battlefield I guess you better go and get your armor I never meant to start a war (start a war) You know I never wanna hurt you Don't even know what we're fighting for (fighting, fighting for) Why does love always feel like ... a battlefield (battlefield) a battlefield (battlefield) a battlefield (battlefield) [repeat] I guess you better go and get your armor (get your armor) Get your armor (get your armor) I guess you better go and get your armor (get your armor) Get your armor (get your armor) [slowly fade] Why does love always feel like (whooaa ooow) Why does love always feel like (whooaa ooow) A battlefield, a battlefield.. [(whooaa

Reconsider Planting Leyland Cypress in Your Yard

Reconsider Planting Leyland Cypress in Your Yard The rapidly-growing Leyland cypress tree, or  Cupressocyparis leylandii,  quickly outgrows its space in a typical yard, unless properly and regularly trimmed. These trees have the potential to grow to 60 feet tall. They are not a practical tree to plant as a small yard hedge on tight, six- to eight-foot  centers. Tight spacing of the plant means that you must commit major time and effort to constant pruning. Leyland cypress is a  short-lived conifer, with a typical lifespan of 20 to 25 years, and will eventually have to be removed. Even properly-spaced trees left to grow may have limited root support, and are subject to being blown down during high winds if planted on wet soils. Consider the work needed to maintain a Leyland cypress before planting one. Why Not Plant Leyland Cypress? A study of Leyland cypress done at the University of Tennessee indicated that a lot of damage on these trees is simply environmental, and not always directly caused by a disease or insect. The study indicated that stress from a harsh winter can cause sporadic limb die off among Leyland cypress trees. Leyland cypresses grow into large, mature trees at 60-plus feet tall with a potential 20-plus foot spread. When they are planted as hedges on tight centers less of than 10 feet, there will be a major competitive  struggle for nutrients and shading. When needles turn brown or drop, the tree is reacting to environmental stresses. Leyland cypress trees do not tolerate many diseases and insects well, especially when environmental stressors are present. Spacing and soil may create an environment that can cause future stress on these trees. Planting Leyland cypress too close together or too close to other trees and structures that shade them can decrease vigor and increase pest damage. Caring for an Existing Tree Eliminating moisture stress on Leyland cypress through watering techniques can help lessen the occurrence of canker diseases. In particular, Leyland cypress is susceptible to Seiridium canker. There is no control for this disease other than to prune out the infected plant part. Watering is a long-term commitment for the Leyland cypress owner. These trees should be watered during any period of dry weather and should receive at least 1 inch of water per week. Pour the water at the base of the tree, and do not spray water on the foliage with sprinklers or watering techniques that can cause various  tree disease. As these tree age and lose lower foliage, consider removing Leyland cypress individually as they deteriorate, and replace each with a deciduous evergreen tree like wax myrtle.

Management consultancy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management consultancy - Essay Example They also have team works in every representative they send to their clients. They also use the different consulting modes in how they consult with their clients. Table of Contents Introduction Management consulting in its essence is the action or practice of helping organizations and business to improve on their performance. They are therefore called upon to help management to achieve the organization goals. Organizations call them for a variety of reasons which are mainly centered on gaining an external objective input on how to run the organization. Another reason is management consultants are experts in this area therefore gaining expertise information from the consultants (Schwartz, 2002). They are valuable since they have dealt with many organizations and hence have expert knowledge on how to achieve success in the organization. Other essential skills that management consultants offer the organizations include change management assistance, development and coaching skills, techn ology setting up in the firm, strategy development and also efficiency in operational services. Management consultants manage these tasks by bringing their own methods and frameworks that have succeeded in other organizations to make the organization more efficient and effective at performing their tasks (Drucker, 2006). Management consultancy has grown over the years. ... Management consulting therefore depends on the specialization of the consultancy firm and the consulting needs of the organization. They include information technology consulting, virtual management, human resource consulting and financial consulting. Sometimes some of this specialization offered by consultancy firms overlap and they offer an even more diversified consultancy (Werr, 2004). The field of management consultancy has grown to include consultancy in non-public organizations including the public sector. In the UK, there has been extensive use of management consultants. The government has spent a large sum between 1996 and 2006; it used 20 billion pounds in management consultants. This has raised question among the House of Commons if this type investment was even worth it. But the use of management consulting has yielded fruit especially in the National Health Service, in the Local Government Association Improvement and Development Agency and also in the National Supports T eams. Although Management consulting can be somewhat expensive it is essential. It often leads to better performance of the organization in general. It is therefore one thing that all companies and firms should consider especially in areas which they lack a lot of skills or if the firm is on the red and requires a turnaround plan to make it more profitable (Norton, 2006). Client Centered consulting process model by Cockman This consultancy cycle or model has been used by many consultants to show the interaction of the consultants and the client from the beginning of the consultancy model. At times it does not reflect what actually happens in reality. But like all models following them makes the process better. The Professional Consultants were

Kingdom animalia phylum platyhelminthes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Kingdom animalia phylum platyhelminthes - Essay Example thes are known for organ level of organization, highlighting three main sets of organs: The excretory system, the nervous system, and the digestive tract. The excretory system is made up of flame cells and ducts. The nervous system includes a pair of anterior ganglia with two nerve cords, interlinked by transverse nerves, going through the whole length of the creature. These nerve cords form a ladder-like structure. The digestive tract is branched and does not have an anus, hence it is incomplete. Platyhelminthes are triloblastic because of the three germ layers called ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm. The ectoderm is the base of the outer epithelium. The endoderm becomes the lining of the gut tract. The mesoderm is the tissue between the ectoderm and the endoderm. Mesoderm consists of muscle and undifferentiated cells called parenchyma. Platyhelminthes are also called acoelomate because there is no body cavity between any of the three germ layers. Platyhelminthes are further divided into three classes: Class Turbellaria (flatworms); Class Trematoda (flukes); and Class Cestoda

Herman Melville Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Herman Melville - Research Paper Example Library of Congress would then honor him for he actually was the library’s first writer to collect and publish material. The great author was born in the city of New York as the third born child of Maria and Allan Gansevoort Melville. The letter e was added to his family name to making it Melville in the year 1832 by Maria on the death of his father. While growing up, young Melville was attacked by scarlet fever in the mid 1820s which adversely affected his health. Whereas he regained back his health after a short period, the disease permanently impaired Millville’s eyesight. The father was a very accomplished and successful merchant & importer and as such the family led a very good life when Melville was growing. However things changed in the year 1830 when Allan unsuccessfully attempted to enter fur trade. This failure spelt doom for the family’s fortune on his death in the year 1832, Allan left the family in an extremely desperate financial situation. Following the father’s demise, Herman Melville’s oldest brother Gansevoort took over their family business in New York City. Soon after, Melville joined Gansevoort in the business as a partner and later some of their brothers came on board. Melville would enrol with Albany Classical School in the mid 1830s to study literature and while at Albany he participated in the student debates. At the same time he had started his writing career; he wrote some proems short stories and essays. After a period of studies at the Albany Classical School Melville left and took up a job as a teacher in Massachusetts. The teaching job was not fulfilling and therefore after just three months of work, Melville quit his position and returned to New York City. The year 1837 was another bad one for the family, Gansevoort’s business of fur and cap went down again this time round putting the family in a

А princess Hindu Essay Example for Free

Ð  princess Hindu Essay MIRABAI: Meerabai (c. 1498 – c. 1557 AD) (the word bai in Rajasthani is an informal term commonly used to refer a girl) was a princess Hindu mystical and a devotee of Lord Krishna from Rajasthan. She was one of the most significant figures Sant of the Vaishnava bhakti movement. Some 1,300 pads (poems) commonly known as bhajans (sacred songs) are attributed to her. These are popular throughout India and have been published in several translations worldwide. In the bhakti tradition, they are in passionate praise of Lord Krishna. In most of her poems she has described her unconditional love for her Lord. She has tried to give the message that Krishna bhakti is the best way to live life as it helps us forget our desires and this in turn helps us attain moksha (liberation). Teachings: Love and devotion towards God EKNATH: Sant Eknath (1533–1599) was a prominent Marathi Saint, scholar and religious poet. In the development of Marathi literature, Sant Eknath is seen as a bridge between the towering predecessors Dnyaneshwar and Namdev and the equally noble successors Tukaram and Ramdas. Eknath was born sometime around 1530 AD in an illustrious Brahmin family of Pratisthan (Paithan today). They were said to be the Kulkarnis of the village, his real name is Eknath Suryajipant Kulkarni.[citation needed] Sant Bhanudas, who brought back the sacred image of Lord Pandurang, from Vijaynagar to Pandharpur, was Eknath’s great grandfather. Eknath was born under the star sign of ‘Mula’ in the sagittarius constellation, traditionally considered a bad omen for the parents of the child. The omen was borne out for Eknath’s father Suryanarayan and mother Rukmini, who died shortly after his birth and Eknath was brought up by his grandparents, Chakrapani and Saraswatibai. As an orphan, Ekn ath had to suffer the taunts of other children. He began avoiding their company and found refuge as a child in prayer and other devotional practices. * Teachings: The sayings of a man who practised what he preached must be of special interest to us: * Duty well performed purifies the mind, and qualifies one for Bhakti (Devotion). The Vedas should be followed as long as one has not risen above attachment and duality just as a watchman is needed to guard the fruits of a mango tree until the fruits are removed and then he can be dispensed with. HARIDASA THAKURA: Haridasa Thakur (IAST HaridÄ sa) (born 1451 or 1450[1]) was a prominent Vaishnava saint, instrumental in the early appearance and spread of the Hare Krishna movement. the story of his heroism in the face of torture is told in Chaitanya Charitamrta, Antya lila.[2] Besides being an ex-Muslim,[3] he is famous because of his dedication to the religious practice of constantly chanting the names of God. Haridasa Thakura was A senior and well-respected religious personality of Gaudiya Vaishnavism in the local area of Mayapur, prayed for the descent of theyugavatara, (avatar of the era) believed to be Chaitanya.[4] As an associate of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, he is named the acharya of the holy name and he embodied concern for others.[5] Its believed that Chaitanya himself installed Haridasa as His nÄ mÄ carya, meaning the teacher of the Name, disregarding the fact that he was Muslim-born.[6] Haridasa Thakura, was a devotee of god Krishna and had practiced chanting the names of the Lord, H are Krishna, 300,000 times daily.[7] The Muslim name of Haridasa is not known.[8] Teachings: They are not teaching only by their words or preaching, but also with their practical example. It is also stated that most important moment in our life is actually moment of death, that all our activities, thoughts, sacrifices, chanting, knowledge and meditations will determine our thoughts in time of our death. Shrilla Haridasa Thakura chanted Lord Krishna’s Names 300.000 daily, and practically chanting of Maha Mantra was his whole life. But here we can see that he gave up his life air and left his body while chanting Holy Name of Lord Chaitanya, or Gauranga Narayan Dutt Srimali: Dr. Narayan Dutt Shrimali (Paramhansa Nikhileshwaranand ascetically ) (1933 – 1998, Jodhpur)[1] was an academian and astrologer. He has written over 300 books on various topics. Dr. Shrimali was born in deep inside region of Rajasthan on 21 April 1933.He was attracted to ancient Indian mystic literature and had deep longing to revive the ancient Hindu culture. He started as a teacher in a school but later went on to the Himalayas to attain more knowledge about his passion and aim of life; the ancient knowledge of Hindu religious texts. He is widely considered as the reviver of astrology has earned respect for this subject in India. Apart from Astrology, he is also considered as the one of the most prominent authorities on Mantra,Tantra,Yantra,Ayurveda.At the same time he is also considered to be a contributing reviver of these subjects as well as introducing them to the general poulation. Teachings: He preached non-violence, brotherhood, devotion towards god and to simply lead a life of a good human being. Yukteshwar Giri: Yukteswar Giri (also written yuktesvara, Sri Yukteswar) (Bengali: à ¦ ¶Ã  § Ã  ¦ °Ã  §â‚¬ à ¦ ¯Ã  § Ã  ¦â€¢Ã  § Ã  ¦ ¤Ã  §â€¡Ã  ¦ ¶Ã  § Ã  ¦ ¬Ã  ¦ ° à ¦â€"à ¦ ¿Ã  ¦ °Ã  §â‚¬) (10 May 1855 9 March 1936) is the monastic name of Priyanath Karar (Bengali: à ¦ ªÃ  § Ã  ¦ °Ã  ¦ ¿Ã  ¦ ¯Ã  ¦ ¼Ã  ¦ ¨Ã  ¦ ¾Ã  ¦ ¥ à ¦â€¢Ã  ¦ ¾Ã  ¦ Ã  ¦ ¡Ã  ¦ ¼Ã  ¦ ¾Ã  ¦ °), theguru of Satyananda Giri and Paramahansa Yogananda. Yukteshwar was an educator, astronomer, a Jyotisha (Vedic astrologer), a yogi, and a believer in the Bhagavad Gita and the Bible. He was a disciple of Lahiri Mahasaya of Varanasi and a member of the Giri branch of the swami order. Yogananda considered Yukteswar as Jnanavatar, or Incarnation of Wisdom.[1] Teachings: 1.Behave Accordingly 2. Humility 3. Love vs Discipline 4. Respect for Others 5. Incorruptibility Ethics 6. Acceptance vs Anger 7. Sense of Humour SUFISM: Sufism or taá ¹ £awwuf (Arabic: Ø ªÃ˜ µÃ™Ë†Ã™â€˜Ã™ Ã¢â‚¬Å½) is defined by its adherents as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam.[1][2][3] A practitioner of this tradition is generally known as a á ¹ £Ã… «fÄ « (Ø µÃ™ Ã™Ë†Ã™ Ã™ Ã™Å Ã™â€˜). They belong to different á ¹ ­uruq or orders—congregations formed around a master—which meet for spiritual sessions (majalis), in meeting places known as zawiyahs, Khanqahs, or tekke Sufis believe they are practicing ihsan (perfection of worship) as revealed by Gabriel to Muhammad: Worship and serve Allah as you are seeing Him and while you see Him not yet truly He sees you. Sufis consider themselves as the original true proponents of this pure original form of Islam. Sufism is opposed by Wahhabi and Salafist Muslims. 1. Hazrat Data Gunj Baksh Ali Hujwiri 2. Hazrat Muhammad Murad Ali Khan 3. Muhiyudin Abdal Qadir al-Gilani al-Hasani wal-Hussaini Abdul-Qadir Gilani

Structure, Themes, and Motifs in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman :: Death Salesman essays

Structure, Themes, and Motifs in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman At first glance, Arthur Miller's play, Death of a Salesman appears to be a simple story of the tragic life of an ordinary man. Through a few flashbacks, it would seem that his whole dreary life is told and that is about it. However, this can not be the case, as we know that Arthur Miller is one of the greatest playwrights alive. After reading the play for the fourth or maybe fifth time, I became fully aware of the intricate structure, many themes, and different motifs that Miller used to make this play a classic. In the case of this work, the title would just about sum it up. It is about a salesman, Willy Loman, who is quite ordinary and very unsuccessful. In the end, to no ones surprise he kills himself. The play takes place in the span of three days (including the funeral) and revolves around the return of Willy's two sons who are grown up. He has worked for decades traveling all over New England selling goods for a firm and seems to think that because he is well liked (which really isn't all that true), he is successful. He wishes that his sons too could be like him while they know that they will never be decent businessmen. This is a source of major conflict between the brothers, Biff and Hap, and Willy. Linda, Willy's wife, is very naive and thinks that her husband is just an innocent confused old man and faithfully loves him. She can not stand to see her sons argue against their father even thought they often are right. Through flashbacks and events in the play, it is apparent that Willy, at least subconsciously, believes his life has been terrible. He wishes he could have been as great as Uncle Ben, who made his fortunes in the African diamond mines and not on the rice patty. Willy was having an affair with another woman in Boston and Biff found out about it after his last year in high school. Incidentally, this event probably led to Biff's failure to complete math in summer school, which led to him not graduating high school. Willy tried numerous times to commit suicide with his car and the gas furnace. In the end, the salesman became convinced that he was worth more dead than alive and finally succeeded at something, killing himself with his car.

Zara: It for Fashion

Report Title: Zara: IT for Fashion Executive Summary: Zara is a fashion company founded by Amancio Ortega in Spain in 1975. It is part of Inditex holding company, a large fashion retail chain that operates five other clothing brands. Since its inception, Zara has been financially very successful as it contributes the most to Inditex’s overall revenue. Also, Zara’s fast growth is represented by its massive global presence; it has stores all over the world from Americas to Middle East to Europe, its principal market. In my analysis, Zara’s competitive advantage lies in its ability to mass produce a large range of highly demanded latest designer clothes faster than its other competitors in the industry. By virtue of being first in the market, Zara is able to gain a larger chunk of the revenue pie than its competitors. However, Zara’s financial success and global brand recognition hides many structural inefficiencies and wastages across its business units. My analysis shows that Zara’s main problem stems from its inability to value the importance of having the right information at the right time. This is evidenced by Zara’s hesitance to invest in suitable technological infrastructure that collects, analyzes and interprets valuable data to make the most effective decisions. Furthermore, Zara’s organizational structure is plagued with disjointed business units that fail to understand the relationship between two separate units within the organizations. This faulty organizational structure has not only severely hampered Zara’s ability to garner synergies among its business units but also has become the source of lost revenue due to inefficiencies and wastages. Finally, the culture of making important business decisions within Zara by its management based off of gut feeling rather than a well analyzed business information, patterns and statistical method, greatly dangers Zara’s competitive advantages over its competitors. I would recommend Zara to tackle its two biggest problems– a) absence of modern technological infrastructure and b) lack of collecting, storing and sharing infrastructure needed to generate vital business information to make quality decisions. This recommendation entails the use of Windows based new POS system for all the Zara stores. Also, the use of cloud computing to collectively store all its data that could be used in generation vital business information. Furthermore, I would recommend the use of tablets instead of handheld computers to increase efficiency and communication capability in all of Zara stores. I would broadly divide the structural problems with Zara into two categories: 1. Outdated Technological Infrastructure The biggest problem within Zara is that they lack appropriate technological infrastructures that aid in the decision making process. I absolutely disagree with Sanchez’s argument that Zara does not need to fix something, in this case its POS system, if it is not broken. He also argues that upgrading the POS systems would make it more complicated. In my analysis, Sanchez’s argument fails because he sees Zara’s current comparative advantage in various market segments as a permanent thing rather than something that is constantly changing. Secondly, by opting for simplicity, Zara is sacrificing efficiency and effectiveness. Ultimately, the absence of the suitable infrastructure that can collect, analyze and interpret data to aid Zara’s commercials, store product managers and store managers to make quality decisions, makes Zara vulnerable to fall behind its competitors. Below are the few examples, where Zara’s lack of advanced technological infrastructure hurts them and possible solutions. First, Zara’s outdated technological infrastructure is inhibiting its speed and decision making ability throughout the organization. Zara is a company that depends heavily on capitalizing on new fashion trends rather than on expensive advertising campaign. Thus, it is imperative for Zara to correctly identify new market trends and execute manufacturing orders before its competitors. But it is unlikely that commercials at Zara will be able to consistently predict the new fashion decision without analyzing relevant data to derive information and business decisions. They may guess the new fashion designs correctly few times, courtesy of their experience, but in general their prediction will miss the target more often than not. So, unless Zara updates its archaic infrastructure that can efficiently collect data, help managers develop patterns and better understand the market, they will be forced out of the market. Second, Zara’s ability to forecast and analyze its performance under various market situations is handicapped by its old infrastructure. Most businesses that are successful take into account and analyze all the possible scenarios that can affect them before making critical decisions. Usually called event-driven analysis or simply, what if analysis; it gives a business a sense of all the possible opportunities and threats out there in the market. However, a business mostly requires a large amount of data that they need to analyze in order to conduct a successful what if analysis. In Zara’s case, they lack that data gathering and sharing ability because of their old infrastructure. So for example, Zara has no clue how their revenue is going to be impacted if Benetton opens up a hundred new stores in Madrid. This is serious problem for Zara because it may be losing market share but they have no accurate way of verifying it. Furthermore, Zara’s dependence on MS-DOS based POS system is threatening its viability as a business at a store level and limiting its expansion opportunities. Mainly because Microsoft has discontinued its support for MS DOS and Zara’s suppliers aren’t willing to a long term contract that guarantees future supplies of MS DOS based POS, Zara is in a vulnerable position. Also, the situation within a Zara store, in terms data collection and sharing, is dangerously low. For example, a Zara store manager currently cannot access critical business information necessary for decision making. Even information on simple things such as the sales figure, the pattern of sales, and the number of unsold items are unavailable to the store manager. Rather a Zara store manager currently has to rely on canvassing the store to determine generate business intelligence. Similarly on the hardware side, a Zara store managers over reliance on an outdated handheld computer is putting the prospective revenue of the Zara’s business at tremendous risk. Currently, a Zara store manager uses a hand-held computer with a very small screen, probably with poor image quality, to analyze information about the new clothing designs and then decide. In an artistic industry as fashion where people care about even smallest of small details, the store managers are asked to value and to decide their portfolio of new clothes using a device that is inadequate. Furthermore, the store managers have to rely on a dial up connection, which has a host of issues frequently, to link up with the office at La Courna once every night. With the store managers facing â€Å"hard deadlines† to post their orders and they having to rely on a dial up connection to send that important order, the pressure on the store managers must be very high. Possible Solutions: First, at a store level, Zara can choose from Windows, Unix or Linux based POS to replace all of its outdated MS-DOS based POS. In my analysis, a new POS based on Windows OS is the best solution for Zara’s current needs. First, the regular OS upgrades provided by Microsoft eliminate Zara’s concern about its OS being outdated. Zara can also leverage Microsoft’s variety of well tested software packages to aid in the collection, storage, analysis and interpretation of business information. Furthermore, with windows Live software such as SkyDrive, individual Zara store can store all its vital data in the cloud and share it among commercials and store product managers in different locations. Also, one benefit of using Microsoft OS is that almost all big software developers use MS OS as their primary platform. This ensures that Zara will not be disadvantaged due to incompatibility of major software. While on the other hand, licensing and maintaining fees for Windows can be expensive. Also, the issue with security may be a big concern for Zara as it uses Microsoft OS which has a history of being vulnerable to hacking, virus infection and so on. Second, Zara should upgrade to new POS terminals rather than reprogramming the new OS to fit the old hardware. First, there can be a problem if old hardware is not compatible with the new OS despite re-writing and customizing the new OS. Furthermore, the old hardware may fail to fully utilize the capabilities of the new OS system. More importantly, it may be faster for Zara to replace all the POS than reqrite the program for the old hardware. But the criteria for the new POS system should be that it should be able to store and communicate data to the central office at La Courna and to the store manager. Finally, an android based over an iOS based tablet could be a reasonable alternative to the current use of handheld computers. Because android tablets are more compatible with the Windows OS, which was the OS of choice for Zara, I would recommend an android tablet. Also, android tablets provide Zara store managers the ability to access critical business information from the cloud and easily communicate with the central office to place orders, evaluate new fashion designs, and send or receive critical business information from La Courna. Also, these tablets are compatible with a host of different spreadsheet and document applications that a Zara store manager could rely on to get vital business information before making purchase decisions. 2. Bad Business Practice: Random Decision Making, a Culture inside Zara. In my analysis, the culture inside Zara of allowing lower management to take important decisions such as production schedule and stock distribution based on their gut feeling and yet not checked by senior management, is simply too dangerous. Any business management student can attest that delegation of higher responsibilities to junior staff members and independent decision making is positively correlated with higher performance and returns, and I am all up for it too. However, research also has shown that in terms of decision making, the best decisions are made when experiences of managers are combined with their analysis of business information. While currently in Zara, decisions are solely based off of experience with no use of business information to draw inferences about pattern and trends. The primary two problems with such method are that those decisions tend to random and also, heavily biased towards personal preference and beliefs. A company like Zara cannot afford bad decision when its comparative advantage lies in producing clothes of the future. Below are the few examples of random decision making within Zara which have resulted in wastage and time lag and possible solutions to eradicate them. First, the decisions about Zara’s production based on random experiences can be very costly. Currently Zara’s store product managers, who decide what new design is approved in Zara, largely rely on their random observations of what people are wearing and conversations with Zara store managers to predict the next big fashion hit. However, decision making on the basis of experience alone tends to produce more misses that hits. And for a company like Zara which heavily depends on rapid production of latest fashionable clothes, â€Å"fashion misses† can be extremely costly. The ideal situation would be to allow business managers to combine their experience with valuable business information to derive business strategies and then apply them to decisions about future fashion trends. Similarly, the approach of commercials within Zara to decide the allocation of replenishment, highly demanded clothes in SKUs or DCs and most importantly, newly designed clothes is misguided. The current practice within Zara regarding allocation is to divide the available stock among all the Zara stores who wanted it. The critical problem with this approach is that it ignores the concept of opportunity cost. For example, let’s assume that using a detailed analysis, a commercial within Zara concludes that a piece of clothing â€Å"A† is highly demanded in London than in Bahrain. With this information the Zara commercial can push clothing â€Å"A† completely towards stores in London where it is highly demanded at the expense of stores in Bahrain. Rather than allocating among all stores, the approach of using business information to decide which stores have higher opportunity will be better for Zara’s bottom-line. Conversely, when the demand for the clothes exceed supply the Zara’s commercials allocated by looking at past performances and previous supply records. Although, this method is significantly better than the simple allocation, it could be much better if the commercials used further scenario analysis using previous business information to check if the success of the stores were a one off events or whether previously unsuccessful stores have turned a corner. Possible solutions: Zara’s main problem stems from its lack of infrastructure that is able to collect, store and communicate data so that all the responsible individuals within Zara can use it to make good individual decisions. Among the myriad of a Network options with the aforementioned capability, In my analysis, could computing is ideal for Zara. The advantages associated with using the cloud is its scalability. In the near future, Zara aims to expand its stores and its operations to new locations all across the globe. With a cloud based software the increased need to collect, store and share data within the Zara network will be as easy as buying extra space from the a cloud hosting services. In addition, cloud computing almost infinite amount of storage to store and backup data. This will be ideal for Zara who has a large number of store spread across many continents. Furthermore, unlike a distributed network, with cloud computing Zara store managers, commercials and store product managers can share common application software directly from the cloud without having to purchase or physically transport the software. However, security of the highly sensible data is a big concern when using cloud computing. Unlike a distributive network, there remains a threat that a close competitor in the industry unfairly accesses critical business information such as Zara’s new clothes design or cost of production, supplier’s list, when using cloud computing. Final Recommendation: My final recommendation for Zara aims to tackle two big problems within Zara – a) absence of technological infrastructure and b) lack of collecting, storing and sharing vital business information to make quality decisions. My first recommendation for Zara is to build a sophisticated technological infrastructure across the company. Zara should replace its old MS DOS based POS with a Windows based POS with advanced features such as touch screens, bar code reader and credit card to increase the overall efficiency and speed of transaction. Also, the development of a customized software that automatically stores detailed data about the transaction such as type of design, time (days, months), and cost automatically from the POS system and saves it in a cloud space. Also, I would recommend the use of tablet, preferably android, for individual store managers so that they can have easy access to vital business information in real time and also be able to communicate with the central office and DCs. Furthermore, I would even suggest providing tablets to all commercials and store product managers so that they can have access to specific and vital information about all aspect of the business directly from the cloud. The analysis and interpretation of all the information will enable them to making production, future design decisions, and allocation decisions. My second recommendation for Zara would be to subscribe to a cloud computing service provider in order to store all relevant data from all its stores, its DCs and SKUs. Also, I would suggest Zara to build customized software that has the capability to correctly organize relevant data into different categories according to specific need of different management levels within Zara. Regarding the security issues with using a cloud computing, Zara can enforce cloud storage access password on the basis of seniority in the management hierarchy. So for example, a temporary sub-store manager cannot access the future clothes design for Zara while a commercial has a full access. However, I would not recommend Zara to get involved in selling clothes online. Zara’s comparative advantage lies selling clothes through it well designed and strategically located stores that span all over the world. Thus, unless Zara can build up huge storage and distribution centers, hire e-commerce specialists and figure out a new business model, I wouldn’t suggest Zara to go online. Within the current organizational framework, going online would do more harm than good. The implementation of these two recommendations will insure that all the members of the management team have all the vital business information in real time in order to make an informed decision. Also, it will insure that Zara’s stores serves dual function efficiently serving customer and also providing important data back to the head office in Spain. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Stock Keeping Unit [ 2 ]. Distribution Centers